This year such as Qing Guo, reform and opening-up over the past 30 years such as China, it is elementary the intersection of health care and " the the intersection of Alma-Ata and declaration " that release 30 years too, the elementary health care of our country has passed by the unusual course. WHO Secretary General is from the stunned " declaration of Alma-Ata " that passes before appreciating in 30, the goal put forward to the elementary health care is: " everybody enjoyed the health care in 2000 " . Hereafter, World Health Organization has been extending its work as centre the most until today all the time. And the proposition and taking shape of the elementary health care, mainly benefited from China's hygiene industry and developed inspiration with the hygiene work pattern originally. 1972, the People's Republic of China has resumed and strong interest that the state of development of hygiene industry of China has aroused great concern from World Health Organization too in the legal status of the United Nations. And a lot of problems of making knowledgeable people worry deeply existed in the world hygiene state at that time, including: 1. Condition of surviving is abominable, there are nearly 1 billion people in poverty, malnutritive, disease and desperate vicious circle in the whole world. 2. " ill, rich ill, social disease of poverty " Threatening people's health and life. 3.Culture and education does not popularize. 4.The economic situation is not good, the backwardness of the economy of numerous third world countries can't meet the needs of health care. 5.The hygiene is unreasonable in resource allocation, most organization states of national hygiene system in the world are generally not good, there are enormous differences between developed country and developing country. 6.Manage the backwardness, is short of money. 7.Population increases severely with the aging of population However, after Chinese Government submits a report on China's hygiene state of the seventies of the 20th century to World Health Organization, WHO executive director Dr. Mahler is shocked: Under the circumstances that the average life span of world population at that time has only 55 -year-old states, but Chinese average life span has already been up to 65 years old! And the peasants of China are enjoying the most basic medical guarantee - -Cooperative medical service, one goes from county to villages and towns " rural tertiary medical prevention and health care network " to the village ,A directness is a technological team of hygiene at the basic level that the masses of peasantry prevent and cure diseases - -" barefoot doctor " . China, as a populous large agricultural country, it is the poor country where an economic culture is backward, have just gone through " The Culture Revolution " Political for turmoil,but appear at whole world one scene oasis of health care, is this possible? Dr. Mahler is from the initial stunned distrust that transferred to this report. In 1975, Halfdan Dr. Mahler, Secretary General of World Health Organization, came to go to investigate China, he has seen the enormous achievement that China's hygiene industry obtains in more than 20 years after establishing of new China: China's hygiene work insists on the policy of giving priority to preventing; Set up rural tertiary medical prevention and health care network; Launch the patriotic public health campaign; The country, collective, masses raise funds and set up the hygiene industry etc. together; Especially implemented " Put the focal point of medicine and health work to the countryside " Hygiene working guilding principle,it is thus with people for health level raise rapidly. Dr. Mahler is witnessing China's rural health care works and obtains very old achievement in shorter time, especially after peasants have obtained health service of better hygiene and obviously improved the health level, from the one that begin " Do not believe " Get and " appreciate greatly " ,And hope to popularize the valuable experience of China out. World Health Organization has defined the following views progressively: The focal point of the hygiene work should be transferred to countryside, basic unit from the big city, large hospital; Should rely mainly on treating disease in order to mainly transfer to and prevent disease; Should transfer to and serve most people from serving a few people. And the establishment of these views, is inspired from the experience of rural hygiene work of China, " everybody is healthy " Imagination like this put forward. This imagination formed the resolution at World Health Assembly of May of 1977, made " everybody was healthy " Become governments and main hygiene goals within the 20th century of World Health Organization of various countries. World Health Organization had planned to hold the international conference in China at that time, had studied " everybody enjoyed the health care in 2000 " Important issue,because of particular for historical reasons, this motion last realization. In September of 1978, World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund held the international elementary health care meeting in Alma-Ata of the former Soviet Union. This meeting is announced, the elementary health care realizes " everybody enjoyed the health care in 2000 " Key,getting more famous exactly one " the Alma-Ata declaration ". From then on, the health care experience at the basic level of China got the generally acknowledging of the world. The development of China's elementary health care has passed by a winding road to work with perseverance in reform and opening-up. The economic system reform of China begins from the countryside. After the 1978, original collective economic system very large to strike, assault no more than rural health care moding most terrible: The cooperative medical service disintegrates, the village clinic ceases to exist except in name, individual doctor that the rural doctor has become in a disguised form, the network bottom of the rural tertiary medical prevention and health care network has leaked, and is close to the danger of disintegrating, peasants " cause due to illness poorly " Phenomenon again become serious. In such cases, rising in the Chinese elementary health care faces the severe test. After " declaration of Alma-Ata " is released, the elementary health care rises in the whole world vigorously, especially the developing countries, has set up a lot of demonstration pilot projects, such as Zhejiang Province Xiaoshan county being one of them; Also set up a lot of cooperative centres at the same time, such as Conghua county of Guangdong Province, the health ministers of a lot of third world countries all accepted training there at that time. But from behind 1980, the transient low ebb appeared in the elementary hygiene public health work of China. In 1985, Chen MinZhang of the incumbent Vice Minister of Ministry of Public Health of Chinese went to Yugoslavia to participate in training, begin, reform the intersection of China and elementary hygiene, protect the intersection of Jianxiong and wind come back, make elementary the intersection of hygiene and public health work welcome the new favorable turn finally after wandering up and down and not knowing which way to go. At World Health Assembly that hold 1986, incumbent the intersection of Chinese and Ministry of Public Health Cui of minister plow, announce on behalf of Chinese Government month: "The strategy ' everybody enjoyed the health care in 2000 ' that World Health Organization puts forward is wise, implementation is effective, we must make concerted efforts to support it, make due contribution for its realization, Chinese Government has already strengthened the measure from every side, has impelled the realization in China of this goal. " In the same year, newly appointed health minister Chen MinZhang points out: "We should also walk in world top in realizing the goal of strategy that ' everybody enjoyed the health care in 2000 '. " In 1988, incumbent Premier of the State Council Li Peng represented Chinese Government, to implementing the elementary health care in China, realize " everybody enjoyed in 2000 The health care " " everybody is healthy " for sum Make the solemn commitment. On October 6, 1988, was Premier Li Peng in giving the fourth Asia message of congratulation of rural medical science and elementary health care academic meeting? Compose the bones of the body of ancient drinking vessel? Everybody enjoyed the health care ' it was the global strategic objective that World Health Organization puts forward in 000. Our government has already claimed to support all efforts for it of World Health Organization, promote the realization of this goal actively. There are 800 million people in the countryside in our country, the health care industry in the development countryside is always the focal point of medicine and health work of our country, also the key to realizing ' everybody enjoyed the health care in 2000 '. Under the new situation that political economic system reform deepens development in our country, one deepens rural hygiene reform in our government, ensure peasants to be healthy, improve the health of the people to include in the overall goal of social economic development, make hygiene industry and economic development grow simultaneouly, make great efforts to develop and utilize hygiene resources, improve scientific management level and medical engineering level, meet the hygiene demand that the masses increase day by day, try to realize the goal of strategy that ' everybody enjoys the health care in 2000 '. " In 1990, incumbent President Yang ShangKun, incumbent Premier of the State Council Li Peng promised China to international community and realized the goal of strategy of the elementary health care again. After this, provinces such as Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Xinjiang,etc., autonomy district government, the decision that successively strengthened the work of hygiene, put developing rural hygiene work on the outstanding position. Provinces such as Heilongjiang, Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong,etc. have also held the elementary health care working conference or seminar, and set up this provinces, elementary health care demonstration counties of the district. The elementary health care leading organ has been established in most province and cities, counties in the whole country, the government coordinates the work of every department such as industry, agriculture, water conservancy, environmental protection, education, propagating, list the elementary health care job in the overall development plan of this area, have made the preliminary achievement. Meanwhile, each save, make great efforts to rectify the health organization at village level in district, municipality directly under the Central Government in the whole country, make the tertiary medical prevention and health care network consolidate and sounder again. Provinces such as Sichuan, Shandong, Hubei,etc. have made the clinic standard of first rate separately; Province and autonomous region such as Heilongjiang, Hubei, Shandong, Guangdong, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, the Inner Mongol, more than 90% of the administrative villages have resumed or set up the village clinic. Having generally implemented children's planning the immunity in the whole country, regard province as the unit, children's immunity rate is up to 85%, more than 2400 counties have equipped cold chain system in the whole country, the cold chain covers population and reaches 930 million, 6 kinds of morbidity of infectious disease of endangering children's health seriously dropped by more than 40% in the past, women and enclose the perinatal system sound progressively in pregnancy period. Various plan immunity and mother and child care insurance, protecting and meeting the system to rise in every province vigorously. Have promoted the development of the elementary health care job effectively. Strengthen the health education, popularize the scientific hygienic knowledge to peasants, become one of the main contents that all parts launch the elementary health care. Ministry of Public Health and relevant ministries and commissions organized experts to carry on the systematic assessment to the elementary health care job of all province, municipality and autonomous region of the whole country in 1992. I was up to the inspection group of leader Guo ZiHeng, former Vice Minister of Ministry of Public Health, to Jiangsu at that time, the elementary health care of East China such as Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong pays and checks the assessment. In autumn of the same year, Ministry of Public Health held the national elementary health care working conference in Hangzhou, summarize successful experience at pilot stage and popularize, the new situation has appeared in the rural hygiene work. However, the State Council agreed with Ministry of Agriculture in order to lighten peasant's burden in 1993, project of cancelling activity such as being up to standard and cooperative medical service of elementary health care and charging etc.. This decision, it is to think about for the interests of peasants subjectively, but brought certain influence to elementary hygiene public health work in the ascendant in our country objectively. In 1994, held an extraordinary elementary health care pilot work seminar of city in Hangzhou, have established after the meeting " The elementary health care of national city cooperates in the group " . These activity serves the first sign extended to community's hygiene as public health work of elementary hygiene of our country, have aroused the attention from Ministry of Public Health. In 1995, Ministry of Public Health started the elementary health care job of the city, and determined to study the elementary health care of the city and appraise the system, I have the honor to accept the task of Ministry of Public Health, have presided over " appraise the system " Research work. 1998, Ministry of Public Health, in order to regenerate the elementary health care, resumed elementary health care. In the same year, " the elementary health care of national city cooperates in the group " to make a start in the basic unit For meet new need of situation, rename " the whole country urban the intersection of community and hygiene serve, cooperate group " as . This series of actions, have already formed the countryside and good situation with interdynamic elementary health care of city, pursuing the pool in urban and rural areas of the health care for new period lays the foundation. With the promotion of community's hygiene industry of our country in 1999, the public health work of the elementary hygiene began the new chapter. 2002 <
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