From " triplicate form " To the medical insurance card

From " triplicate form " To the medical insurance card
Staff reporter Kong LingMin The labour-protection medical care at public expense reimburses the cost The medical fee reimbursed the cost " The triplicate form " ,It was once a form that everyone can not leave when government functionary, urban enterprise worker saw the doctor. The person who wants to see the doctor, get the list that a formula three of this kind united from the unit clinic, in write name, gender, age on every unite, staff member of clinic will give every unite, cover unit " red to jab " ,Tear and leave and unite keeping on file. Having finished seeing the disease, the worker stays and unites by oneself, the hospital leaves one to unite, the hospitalization cost of the cost is looked for enterprises or organs to check out directly by the hospital. This kind of settlement is named only " The triplicate form " . Yes it, as " unit people " Worker possession kind is name " The labour-protection medical care at public expense " Welfare treatment. After new China is established, in order to make the urban worker enjoy " labour protection " ,Our government successively set up medical treatment system and medical treatment system of labour protection facing enterprise worker at public expense facing workers of government departments and institutions. In February of 1951, the Government Administration Council at that time released " labor insurance regulations of the People's Republic of China ", have started the medical treatment system of labour protection formally. On March 24 of the same year, Ministry of Labour at that time announced " implementing regulation of the labor insurance regulations of the People's Republic of China ". This regulations are the first regulation of social insurance with intact content of our country, have made the detailed norm to several social insurance treatment such as the worker's living out one's life in retirement, medical treatment, industrial injury, parenting and business management. According to the regulation, the medical treatment system of labour protection mainly covers the worker of state-owned enterprise, the urban collective-owned enterprise consults and carries out, " half the fee " that the direct relative who the worker supported enjoyed some projects according to the regulation Treatment. Except that registration fee, nutrition nourish a few project conceited expenses such as medicines and accepting the plastic surgery, reshaping,etc., the worker's most hospitalization costs are born by enterprise. Labour-protection medical care funds were all born by enterprise's administration, changed into and drew according to 5% - 7% of the payrolls separately according to enterprise's properties in 1953 before 1953. Changed into in 1969 that drew the benefit fund for employees according to 11% of the payrolls, is used mainly in medical and health expenses and welfare funds expenses. Later went through numerous adjustment. Because the labour-protection medical care at public expense basically takes the way to reimburse the cost, on condition that lack and is supervised effectively, this medical insurance system that once benefited hundreds of millions of urban residents has exposed excessive demand, wasted and rich or poor unequal defect gradually. The statistics show, in only 1997, the national amount spent on labour-protection medical care at public expense was up to 77,370 million yuan, having increased by 28 times compared with the 1978 in initial stage of reforming, every annual mean was increased progressively by 19%. And country the same period fiscal revenues annual growth 11% only, unreasonable the intersection of hospitalization cost and unexpectedly get the intersection of hospitalization cost and total expenditure expenditure 20% - 30% . The persons who experience personally tell: One people diagnose the illness whole family take medicine " whose name does it take, turn on? " After reform and opening-up, " a secure job " of the original high yields irrespective of drought or water logging Broken, the worker has " laid off " Crisis,"one people diagnose the illness,whole family take medicine " Phenomenon,just open secret. So, a lot of doctors always ask such one sentence to the patient appreciating thoroughly before starting writing or painting and writing out a prescription. The medical insurance Xiong XianJun, general secretary of research association in China says, at public expense, the labour-protection medical care is that one meets the product of planned economic system at that time, cannot be regarded as the medical insurance in the strict meaning, it is one that expects to be able to thereby realize everybody enjoys " romantic " ensured in medical treatment even more Ideal of the type. With the gradual establishment in our country of the market economic system, especially the 1990s of last century, in order to help the state-owned enterprise to go into battle with a light pack, cut payroll to improve efficiency, really participate in the international competition, our country has begun the SOE reform with setting up modern enterprise system at the core. Stop production, go bankrupt accompanying by in a large number of low, uncompetitive small and medium-sized enterprises of benefit, the workers of these enterprise's labour-protection medical care has already performed practically no function. On condition that vary, alternate between good and bad in enterprises, on the name is that the labour-protection medical care of reimbursing the cost just becomes a cake painted out, it is difficult to conceal the unequality and unfair behind the system. Xiong XianJun says, in 1993, pointed out " the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was the decision of setting up several questions of socialist market economy system " that the third Plenary Session of the 14th Central committee of the CPC passed, "will set up multi-level social security system, living out one's life in retirement and medical insurance in urban and rural areas are born together by unit and individual, implement the social pool and combine with personal account " . "Regarded as the important file which establishes our country's basic social medical insurance system, " determine " shows, the health problem is not totally a personal question, not totally the responsibility of government and enterprise either, but need individual, enterprise and government to bear together. " Extend and read: From " two river pilot projects " To " the whole people's medical insurance " In 1994, the State Council determined to launch the basic medical insurance system pilot project in Zhenjiang, Jiujiang, Jiangxi of Jiangsu, replace the labour protection medical treatment system at public expense with the urban worker's basic medical insurance system; In 1998, on the basis of summarizing the pilot experience, the State Council printed and distributed " Decision on setting up the urban worker's basic medical insurance system ", pursue the urban worker's basic medical insurance system to reform nationwide. At present, urban worker's basic medical insurance systems are generally set up in the whole country, have basically finished the transition to the basic medical insurance system of medical treatment system of labour protection at public expense. July of 2007, the State Council launches the basic medical insurance pilot project of urban residents, it is not employees to expand the coverage of medical insurance to cities and towns such as student, children, old man,etc. by employees. Meanwhile, the new rural cooperation medical treatment system moves towards pushing away from some pilot project in an all-round way too, the system of medical rescue in urban and rural areas is set up progressively. By the end of March this year, it is 320 million to participate in the number of people of the urban basic medical insurance in the whole country, among them it is 200 million to participate in the urban worker's basic number of people of the medical insurance. The persons who effect an insurance basically realize and hold the card and see the doctor. The conclusion has been in the past 60 years since the founding of New China especially since reform and opening-up, there are too numerous to mention enormous achievements that the medical hygiene industry of our country has been made, the deep memory left us is innumerable too. From September 1, the series of reports of publication " memory of 60 years of new China's hygiene " successively of this newspaper, come to an end temporarily until today. It reviews the past to be for face the future better, let we until the enormous achievement that the medical hygiene industry made is encouraged 60 such as new China, set out to the medical hygiene industry the next one of new China in more beautiful 60 with confidence.

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