The rare hygiene sports in the human history

The rare hygiene sports in the human history
Staff reporter Chen Fei " the four pests " Members become because of hour " the mouse rapes and seduces, the sparrow is bad, fly's mosquito looks like rightists. Suck the human blood, employ the disease, commit adultery the grain goes in for destruction. " At the end of the fifties of last century, the mouse, sparrow, fly, these 4 kinds of animals of mosquito were graded into a ballad, it is a pest to be known even to women and children, it will eliminated that everyone cries 'kill it'. " the four pests " A word, appeared first in December of 1955 Mao Zedong's " consulted the opinion on the string of agriculture 17 " article: " get rid of the 4 pests, namely basically eliminate mice (and other vermins) within seven years , sparrow (and other noxious birds, but the crow is suitable to eliminate, waits to study) , the fly, mosquito. " " the four pests " Among them, the sparrow is considered to be had better deal with, therefore it is launching to eliminate sparrows initially, most vigorous movement. "A sea of people wave the pole and leave, beat drums and gongs and roar chasing. The sparrow flutters its wings up and down and flies in the sky, and then give up until being tired to death. " By 1960, the sparrow had already almost caught, lightened to the danger of grain-production greatly. Meanwhile, Lin MuYe's great development, the insect pest question is outstanding. In March in the same year, Mao Zedong drafts " instruction central goverment on hygiene work of the Communist Party of China " to propose: "There is a matter again, the sparrow mustn't type, instead of the bug, the slogan is that ' remove mouse, bug, fly, mosquito '. " After reform and opening-up, accelerate and heat the popularization of facility, urban pipeline, office equipment, household appliances,etc. with the urbanization process, bugs are fewer and fewer and the cockroach is getting more and more. The cockroach replaces bugs gradually, becomes " the four pests " New members. The persons who experience personally tell: " like defending " March toward the period of the War to Resist U.S.Aggression and Aid Korea of management by objectives, launch the bacteriological warfare in northeast, Qingdao and other places of our country in order to deal with invader's intention, Mao Zedong has sent out and " mobilizes, pays attention to the hygiene, reduce disease, improve the health level, crush the enemy's bacterium war " Greatness call. March of 1952, the Government Administration Council (and then called the State Council) Determine to establish the central epidemic prevention committee, the leader launches the patriotic public health campaign against the bacteriological warfare. In 1953, the epidemic prevention committees at all levels renamed as the committee on the patriotic health movement. "Hygiene and patriotic to link up, it is a great characteristic of our country. " The whole country likes defending and doing to the original vice floormanager Liu Jiayi and saying. Unless at that time, study party and government army and the peoples national,at Die up to octogenarian old man,to students in middle and primary schools, put into impressive masses' hygiene while taking exercises with great patriotic enthusiasm. International scientific a committee ' France, Great Britain, Italy, Su the intersection of country and scientist specially set up in North Korea and the intersection of bacterium and war fact of China for investigate) The report made after sending representatives thinks: "China is carrying on a great sport, in order to promote the personal and social hygiene. There aren't hygiene sports of such scale, make the mortality and morbidity caused by infectious disease greatly reduce. " "The content that ' like defending ' is enriched with era changes constantly. " Whom Liu Jiayi say from in the early period after the foundation of New China, against bacteriological warfare, to last century being back-end to get rid of " the four pests " in the fifties ,The ones that develop into the sixties " Two tubes five change " (are in charge of water, in charge of the excrement, change water, change the lavatory, change the domestic animal to enclose, change the kitchen range, transform the environment) . After the third Plenary Session of the 11th Central committee of the CPC, the patriotic public health campaign marches toward historical new period, working way too from " Generally call " Move towards the standardized one progressively " The management by objectives " . Extend and read: Health cities of villages and small towns of hygiene At the end of the eighties of last century, the hygiene city and establishment of villages and small towns of hygiene arose at the historic moment, and become a new brand of patriotic public health campaign. So far, the whole country likes defending and naming 108 national sanitary cities, account for 1/6 of the urban total number in the whole country; In addition, there are 28 national sanitary districts, 377 national hygiene counties (town) . Will it be November 14 1989, the intersection of " the China Daily " and report, Henan Province the intersection of supposition and the intersection of city and county the intersection of health and epidemic prevention station and Song happy to believe the engineer invented a kind of double-pan funnel type toilet, have initiated it in China " The revolution of the toilet " . The second year, " revolution of the toilet " Launch in all parts of the country vigorously. " decision about hygiene reform and development of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council " of 1997, have confirmed concrete task and goal of patriotic public health campaign: In the countryside, continue regarding changing water, changing the lavatory as the focal point, drive the renovation of environmental sanitation, promote the construction of villages and small towns of the hygiene; In the city, continue developing the activity of building a nationally advanced clean city, improve the modernized management level of the city; All eliminate in the urban and rural areas " The four pests " (mosquito, fly, mouse, cockroach) Activity; Launch the health education thoroughly, improve resident's health consciousness and self- health care ability, form good hygienic habit and healthy life style. In 2004, changed the project of the lavatory and began to implement in the local countryside of central transfer payment. By the end of 2008, the popularity of rural sanitary privy of the whole country is up to 59.72%. In 2009, the support of state revenue is 1,566,500,000 yuan, will build 4,113,700 innoxious sanitary privies in the whole country, guarantee the popularity of rural sanitary privy of the whole country is raised above 2.64 percentage points, strive for " eleven five " Popularity of the end is up to 65%, " Twelve five " The end is up to 75%. All parts will be here " Create and defend " On the foundation, build the health city (district, town) steadily, actively Exploration of the work.

|